Curved Space? – Baloney

According to Einstein, matter causes space to curve. According to this theory, gravity is the curvature of space and not a physical force like magnetism.

1. ModelThis is modeled using a marble on a sheet of rubber. The marble deforms the sheet, forming the curve.

Curved Space-Time

(Courtesy online.physics.uiuc.edu)

If you place another marble on the rubber sheet, both marbles will eventually come together. If you roll a second marble, it will curve around the first marble.

Moon Attracted to Earth

(Courtesy LesToilesDeLUnivers.fr)

Additionally, light bends around celestial bodies because of the curvature of space.

Light Bending

Observation and Expectation
Experiments have shown that light does indeed curve around celestial bodies. During an eclipse, it was shown that light from distant stars was bending around the sun from.

According to theory, light has no mass, which is why the only way for light to curve is because space is curved.

A Critical Flaw
This model seems to explain everything, but it is fundamentally flawed - It only works on Earth.

If you take the model into outer space, it stops working. Objects still bend when travelling on the surface, but they no longer attract each other.

This can mean one of two things: either the model is incorrect, or there is a force external to the universe and affecting the universe. Either way, we haven’t yet discovered the true nature of gravity.

A force is acting perpendicularly to our Universe.

This force pushes mass downwards, curving space.

A second mass then curves around the first when rolled, as expected.

Rainbow Gravity
Recently an interesting theory has appeared. It's called Rainbow Gravity. According to the theory gravity affects different wavelengths of light, like a prism. Large scale experiments are currently under way to see if the theory is valid.

If the only reason light curves is because space is curved, then clearly Rainbow Gravity is wrong.

But what if Rainbow Gravity is correct?

Energy as Mass





From Wikipedia.org:

• Newton's law of universal gravitation states that any two bodies in the universe attract each other with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

Mass of Earth: 5,973,600,000,000,000,000,000,000 kg
Diameter of Earth at equator: 12,750 km

6.673×10⁻¹¹ × ME × s


Force at surface of







http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/how-to-calculate-the-force-of-gravity-on-the-earth.html

Inertia Fields

What are inertia fields and do they exist? This article attempts to answer that question by comparing an electric system with a gravitational system. The inertia field can explain where the energy of a gravitational system is stored when the energy is no longer stored in the gravitational field.

A gravitational capacitor (Fig. 1A) is made of a neutral massive ring with a neutral mass-less tube in the center. At the top of the tube is a neutral massive ball. When the ball is at the top of the tube, there is a gravitational potential between the ring and the ball, just as there is an electrical potential between the plates of a charged electrical capacitor (Fig 1B). The gravitational capacitor has all its energy stored initially in the gravitational field, just as a charged electrical capacitor has all its energy stored in the electrical field.

Releasing the ball from rest from the top of the gravitational capacitor is like shorting a charged electric capacitor. When we short out the charged electric capacitor, the negative charge on one plate of the capacitor accelerates under the influence of the electric field towards the other plate of the capacitor. When we release the ball in the gravitational capacitor from rest, it accelerates toward the ring.

When the ball is in the center of the ring of the gravitational capacitor, gravity loses its effect since it can no longer bring the masses any closer together (Fig 2A). At this point, the ball has its greatest velocity, since the gravitational potential is zero.

When enough electric charge moves to the other plate of the electric capacitor, the voltage between the two plates goes to zero (Fig. 2B). At this point, the current flowing between the plates is it its maximum. The current continues to flow even though there’s no electric field. We explain this by saying that the current generates a magnetic field. When electric charges accelerate, energy is stored in a magnetic field. In the electric capacitor, the electric current is at its maximum when the voltage difference goes to zero. At this point, all the energy of the system is stored in the magnetic field. Negative charge starts to accumulate on the plate that was previously positive (Fig. 3B). The current decreases and the energy stored in the magnetic field are transfers to the electric field.

In the gravitational capacitor, when the ball is in the center of the ring, the ball’s velocity is at its maximum. The ball’s momentum causes it to move away from the ring. As the ball moves away from the ring, it decelerates because of gravity. The ball comes to a stop on the other side of the ring with all the energy of the system again stored as gravitational potential (Fig. 3A). When the ball is in the center of the ring, where is the energy of the system stored if it is not stored in the gravitational field? Just as in an electric system where the energy of the moving charge is stored in the magnetic field, the energy of a moving mass could be stored in an inertia field. In the gravitational field capacitor, when the ball is in the center of the ring and its velocity is greatest, all the energy of the system is stored in the inertia field. As the ball slows down after it moves away from the ring, the energy stored in the inertia field transfers to the gravitational field until the ball comes to a rest. Then all the energy of the system is again stored in the gravitational field.

An inertia field would explain why an object at rest stays at rest and an object in constant uniform motion doesn’t change its velocity, unless acted upon by an external force. Just like a magnetic field, inertial fields store energy, and so in order for an object to change its velocity, energy must be either added to or taken from the inertia field. Another similarity between magnetic fields and inertia fields is that just as a moving electric charge creates a magnetic field, a moving mass creates an inertia field. Just as an electric charge moving in a magnetic field experiences a force perpendicular to the magnetic field and the direction of motion of the charge, a mass moving in an inertia field should experience a force perpendicular to the inertia field and the direction of the moving mass. Just as magnetic lines of force around a current carrying wire can be seen by sprinkling metal filing on a piece of paper next to the wire, inertial lines of force around a fluid carrying pipe, such as the Alaska Pipeline, should be able to be seen by sprinkling dust on a flat surface next to the pipe.

We should be able to measure the force exerted on a moving mass in an inertia field by measuring the torque exerted on a spinning gyroscope next to a pipeline that contains a fast moving liquid. Since the gravitational force is so much weaker than the electrical force the force felt by a moving mass in an inertia field should be correspondingly weaker than the force felt by a moving electric charge in a magnetic field. This may be why no one detected inertia fields before.

Super Carbon

Carbon can form many structures. Some structures include Bucky Balls, Carbon Nanotubes, graphite and diamond. However, here’s a structure I’ve never seen, perhaps because it doesn’t form in nature.

Consider a 3-D structure of carbon atoms forming sheets. Carbon atoms in the middle connect the sheets. (Carbon has 4 valence electrons that potentially can form connections with 4 different atoms.)

All together, they form the structure below. Such a structure will probably need to be formed one atom at a time.

This should form a super strong building material superior to current carbon fiber material.